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East Africa

The train of Addis Ababa Djibouti Railway carrying passengers at a platform at Nagad railway station in Djibouti. [iStockphoto]

In June 2019, when I sat down with the then Transport Cabinet Secretary James Macharia and Ugandan Finance Minister Matia Kasaija on the sidelines of the first China-Africa Trade Expo in Changsha, China, it was clear that geopolitical tensions in the East African region were the main reason for the delay in the full implementation of the Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) protocol.

Kampala was hesitant to construct the SGR from Uganda’s capital to Malaba before Nairobi extended its line to the border. However, the Jubilee administration felt let down by its peers.

During the Belt and Road Initiative forum in Beijing, President Uhuru Kenyatta emphasised that every country should implement the agreements of the initiative, just like Nairobi had done. 

When Kenya, with the help of China launched the SGR on December 1, 2017, it was seen as a game-changer, facilitating cargo transportation and enhancing people-to-people exchanges.

At the time, Nairobi was monopolising the rail sector. However, seven years later, Kenya is facing stiff competition from Tanzania and even Uganda, which has signed a deal with the Turkish firm Yapi Merkezi to construct its own railway within 48 months.

While the move by East African countries to join the railway league is good for regional integration and trade, Kenya needs to rethink its SGR plan to avoid being left behind by its peers who are now building electric railways, unlike Nairobi’s diesel-powered SGR.

In 2014, Kenya, along with its Northern Corridor Partner States—Uganda, Rwanda, and later South Sudan—signed a regional SGR protocol to develop a seamless transport system interconnecting their cities and connecting them to the coast of Mombasa. 

With Kenya now in fresh talks with Beijing about extending the SGR from Naivasha to Malaba, the East African economic powerhouse must remain relevant and make the Port of Mombasa attractive to avoid losing business to Dar es Salaam.

Nairobi will be forced to revamp its existing Mombasa-Naivasha line to electric power. The ongoing talks, which will conclude in December, should focus on electric SGR rather than the diesel-powered one.

Although Kenya initially started with a diesel-powered train, China has shown willingness to help Nairobi upgrade its line to electric.

The deal inked four years ago between the Kenya Electricity Transmission Company and China Electric Power Equipment and Technology Company should be expedited to make Kenya’s dream of having an electric train, like Tanzania and Uganda’s proposed one, a reality.

As a country, we cannot effectively address global warming if we continue using diesel-powered trains. Achieving the Paris Agreement’s goal of reducing transport-related emissions from the current 7.7 gigatons of carbon dioxide by 2050 will require transitioning to cleaner energy sources.

Regardless of whether a country has a diesel or electric SGR, the Port of Mombasa and Kampala, both key cities along the Northern Corridor Infrastructure Projects Protocol, are essential for unlocking economic growth and fostering a conducive investment environment for local and foreign investors. Mr Onyango is a journalist and communication consultant , The Standard

 

NARC Kenya party leader Martha Karua at a past event.

NARC- Kenya Party Leader Martha Karua condemned the abduction of renowned human rights Boniface Mwangi from his Lukenya home in Machakos County which occurred on the morning of Sunday, October 27.

In a statement to the press, Karua faulted the police officers for failing to identify themselves as required by law. “The abductors did not identify themselves or say why and where they were taking Mwangi,” Karua observed. 

Karua who has been vocal in calling out the government noted the abductions are conducted by people believed to be police officers who are supposed to take care of the people. She warned the government to stop the abductions.

“These kidnappings, disappearances and extrajudicial killings targeted on our children and largely Kenya's innocent youth is now a signature modus operandi of the Ruto Regime. These abductions and killings of our youth is now a worrying trend that must stop forthwith,” she stated.

 

Defenders Coalition

According to Karua, the abductions are dark reminders of the regime's determination to silence dissent. She noted it’s time people see through this facade and stand up against oppression.

The NARC-Kenya Party leader also lashed out at President Ruto’s regime for allegedly forming illegal squads composed of foreigners to facilitate the abductions. “A regime that finds it necessary to form a squad outside the official channels for terrorizing and murdering its citizens is a regime without any moral authority to govern and needs to be forced out of power,” she asserted emphasizing it is unconstitutional for such activities to be done.  

“This targeting of activists, journalists, and youth is a direct assault on the principles of equality, justice, and freedom embedded in Kenya's Constitution,"  she added.

Karua maintained that the right to life and liberty enshrined in our Constitution must be upheld-not selectively, not conditionally, but absolutely. 

“We unequivocally state that the Ruto Administration must take full responsibility of the safety and well-being of comrade Boniface Mwangi and indeed all the disappearances and extrajudicial killings happening in Kenya, especially since the June 2024 GenZ protests,” she demanded.

The former Minister, further demanded the immediate and unconditional release of Boniface Mwangi and an end to extrajudicial abductions describing them as unconstitutional and illegal under Kenyan law, the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, and the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights. 

She also demanded an impartial investigation and International oversight into the extrajudicial abductions and killings as well as a full prosecution of those involved calling on the African Union (AU), the United Nations (UN) and regional bodies to bring oversight to this matter, ensuring accountability for abuses of power. 

“Despite Ruto's concerted efforts to squeeze Kenyans to misery and terrorize them to hopelessness, Kenyans are not helpless and have a Constitutional right to self-defence in the face of these brazen violations of their fundamental right to life, liberty and dignity,” she averred.

Karua called on Kenyans to resist abductions, arbitrary arrests, and extrajudicial executions as it aims at silencing/obliterating alternative voices. By Joe Macharia, Kenyans.co.ke

Faith Kipyegon hopes to inspire young athletes to embrace resilience and freedom in their careers, sharing how she overcame setbacks to achieve Olympic success and her early joy of running barefoot.

Faith Kipyegon is undoubtedly the greatest 1500m runner of all time and with her tons of accolades, many athletes look up to her.

Having this in mind, the three-time Olympic champion explained that she wants all her fans and upcoming runners to know there is freedom in being an accomplished athlete.

She had one of the most surprising outings at the Paris Olympic Games, being shortly disqualified after the women’s 5000m and her silver medal stripped, before it was reinstated upon an appeal, but she bounced back to take 1500m gold medal. 

 

From such experiences, Faith Kipyegon noted that she wants people to know that they have the freedom to rediscover themselves and they can always bounce back no matter the setbacks they are bound to face.

“When young runners from the next generation watch me compete, I want them to see freedom — the freedom to challenge themselves in new ways. My 2024 season was beautiful. I was thankful for competing in the 5,000m in Paris and the 1,500m, which happened a few days later,” Faith Kipyegon said in an interview with Nike.

“But when I held that silver medal from the 5,000m, I thought to myself, ‘I can’t let this disturb my 1,500 dreams.’ So, I put that silver medal away. I had to be mentally strong to achieve my goal in the 1,500m,” she added. 

She added that growing up, she always loved competing bare foot because it was enjoyable then. Despite having spikes in a couple of races, Faith Kipyegon noted that she could not stand wearing them and opted to run barefoot mostly.

The double world champion went down memory lane to the days when she and her classmates would run back home for lunch then back to school. She termed running as a ‘shared childhood experience.’

“Running barefoot has always felt comfortable to me. When I started running competitively at 14, I was given spikes to wear for the first time. I was happy to have them, but feeling as comfortable in spikes as I was while running barefoot took a long time. I even turned down wearing spikes a few times. Now, I still can’t believe how I’m running in the fastest spikes on the planet,” she added. By Abigael Wafula, Pulse

South Sudanese First Vice President Dr. Riek Machar (Courtesy photo) 

South Sudan’s First Vice- President Dr Riek Machar has said the world’s youngest nation should have adopted the Sudan laws instead of drafting new ones.

Machar expressed the sentiments at the conclusion of the validation of Judiciary Reform Committee (JRC) report in Juba on Friday.

He said an independent South Sudan should have inherited the Sudan laws they participated in creating and embarked on catching up with the rest of the world.

The First Vice-President, however, pointed out that the sharia (Islamic law) should not have been adopted.

South Sudanese, he said, contributed to the enactment of most of the Sudan laws, and therefore adopting them and amending some would have precipitated the reforms.

“If we had adopted the laws of Sudan which we contributed to properly, we would have reformed our judiciary system and justice administration without difficulties, but we decided to start from scratch,” he said.

Machar further advised the country to reconsider adopting the pre-South Sudan independence laws, except sharia, in order to catch up with other countries that have reformed their judicial systems, rather than having news laws.

“Maybe we have to critically think some of our decisions when we rejected the adoption of the Sudan laws prior to independence, except for sharia,” he reiterated.  

The First Vice-President, who is also the chairman of the opposition SPLM-IO Party, has tasked JRC to deliberate on the laws enacted in Warrap and Lakes states, with a view to ending the vicious cycle of conflict and cattle rustling.

This year, Warrap State introduced the Green Book law, which includes severe penalties, like the execution by the firing squad, for offences such as cattle raiding, revenge killings, rape, forced marriages, kidnapping, and hate speech.

In 2022, Lakes State implemented a similar law called Public Order, aimed at addressing the crimes.

“You know, Warrap and Lake states are one step ahead of the others. I think what they are trying to do is to have a state penal code,” he said.

Meanwhile, Chief Justice Chan Reech Madut emphasized the need for the judicial transformation to prioritize the upholding of the fundamental human rights, pointing that the cultures that abused them should be abolished.

“Bear in mind that we’ve got some customs that undermine fundamental human rights. An example is the giving of a young girl compensation to family whose member has been killed to become a wife when she comes of age,” he said.

Reech said the country must respect human rights at all levels for there to be meaningful judicial reforms.

The Transitional National Legislative Assembly Speaker, Jemma Nunu Kumba, emphasized the importance of an independent judiciary in a democratic transition.

She said a reformed judiciary promotes transparency and accountability and fosters trust between the citizens and the government. Radio Tamazuj

Sudan's war - ongoing since April 2023 - has killed tens of thousands of people [Getty/file photo]

Sudan's paramilitary troops have killed at least 50 people in the al-Jazira state, besieging and attacking villages where little aid is available.

At least 50 people have been killed in a single attack by Sudanese paramilitaries who have besieged and raided villages in al-Jazira state, activists said.

The paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) have been at war with Sudan's regular army since April 2023 but have in recent days intensified their violence against civilians in al-Jazira, south of the capital Khartoum, after their commander in the state defected to the army.

"The villages of al-Sariha and Azraq have been under attack" since Friday morning, the resistance committee in Hasaheisa, one of hundreds of volunteer groups coordinating aid in Sudan, said in a statement to AFP late on Friday.

In al-Sariha alone, the attack killed 50 and wounded more than 200, the resistance committee added, reporting a total "inability to evacuate the wounded from the village due to the shelling and snipers" from the RSF.

With a near-total communications blackout, tolls are impossible to verify and often hard to gather. 

The resistance committee said that the nearby village of Azraq had been placed under a "total siege, suffering the same violations as al-Sariha", although it was not possible to provide a death toll.

On Friday, the Sudanese doctors' union called on the United Nations to press for safe humanitarian corridors into villages that "are facing genocide at the hands of the Rapid Support militia".

The doctors' union added that rescue operations had become impossible and that "the army is incapable of protecting civilians".

According to medical sources in several villages, nearly all health facilities capable of receiving emergency cases have been forced shut.

The war in Sudan has killed tens of thousands of people, with some estimates of 150,000 dead.

It has also caused what the UN calls the world's largest displacement crisis, with more than seven million uprooted.

In June, Linda Thomas-Greenfield, the United States ambassador to the UN, said Sudan is the planet's "largest humanitarian crisis".

Famine was declared in July in the Zamzam camp for displaced people near the town of El-Fasher, in Sudan's western Darfur region bordering Chad.

Regional impact 

Last Sunday the army announced that the RSF's al-Jazira commander Abu Aqla Kaykal had abandoned the paramilitaries, bringing "a large number of his forces" with him, in what it said was the first high-profile defection to its side. 

Activists reported at least 20 people killed in subsequent paramilitary attacks in eastern al-Jazira. They also said an air strike by the Sudanese Armed forces on a mosque in the state capital, Wad Madani, killed 31 people.

On Thursday, neighbouring Chad denied helping to arm the paramilitaries after the governor of Sudan's Darfur region, Minni Minnawi, accused them of doing so.

"Chad has no interest in amplifying the war in Sudan," said Chadian Foreign Minister Abderaman Koulamallah, pointing out that Chad was "one of the rare countries upon which this war has had major repercussions".

Sudanese authorities have previously charged that Chad was facilitating the delivery of weapons from the United Arab Emirates to Sudan, which both Chad and the UAE have denied.

The International Monetary Fund's director for Africa, Catherine Pattillo, told AFP this week that the war in Sudan was likely to cause heavy economic damage to its already struggling neighbours.

"And then to be confronted with the refugees, the security issues, the trade issues, is very challenging for their growth," she said. MENA

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