Widespread sexual violence against women and girls in conflict is being fueled by systemic impunity, the United Nations Commission on Human Rights in South Sudan said on Monday.
The Commission’s new report, based on interviews conducted with victims and witnesses over several years, describes a “hellish existence for women and girls”, with widespread rape being perpetrated by all armed groups across the country.
According to the UN Commission, sexual violence has been instrumentalized as a reward and entitlement for youth and men participating in conflict.
The goal is to inflict maximum disruption of the fabric of communities, including through their constant displacement, the report continues.
Rape is often used as “part of military tactics for which government and military leaders are responsible, either due to their failure to prevent these acts, or for their failure to punish those involved”, the Commission advanced.
Bodies reduced to ‘spoils of war’
“It is outrageous and completely unacceptable that women’s bodies are systematically used on this scale as the spoils of war,” declared Yasmin Sooka, Chair of the UN Commission.
Calling for urgent and demonstrable action by authorities, Ms. Sooka said: “South Sudanese men must stop regarding the female body as 'territory' to be owned, controlled and exploited.”
Sexual violence survivors have detailed “staggeringly brutal and prolonged gang rapes” perpetrated against them by multiple men, often while their husbands, parents or children have been forced to watch, helpless to intervene.
Women of all ages recounted being raped multiple times while other women were also being raped around them, and a woman raped by six men said she was even forced to tell her assailants that the rape had been “good”, threatening to rape her again if she refused.
The resultant traumas “ensure the complete destruction of the social fabric”, the UN Commission said.
Horrific assaults
“Anyone reading the details of this horrific report can only begin to imagine what life is like for the survivors. These accounts are unfortunately just the tip of the iceberg. Everyone, inside and outside governments, should be thinking what they can do to prevent further acts of sexual violence and to provide adequate care for the survivors,” said Andrew Clapham, member of the Commission.
A woman described her friend being raped by a man in the forest who then said he wanted to continue to ‘have fun’ and further raped her with a firewood stick until she bled to death. Teenage girls described being left for dead by their rapists while bleeding heavily.
Medical personnel also report that many survivors have been raped multiple times throughout their lifetime.
Traumatised for life
The report also describes women often bearing children as a result of rape, and notes that in many cases, survivors have contracted sexually transmitted infections including being infected with HIV.
Following rape and pregnancy, women are often abandoned by husbands and families, and left destitute. Some of those raped while pregnant, have suffered miscarriages.
Husbands searching for abducted wives and daughters often spend years not knowing their fate, with some learning they were abducted by men from rival ethnic groups and forced to bear multiple children – one such man was so traumatized, he wanted to take his own life.
The Commission reported that these attacks were not random opportunistic incidents, but usually involved armed soldiers actively hunting down women and girls, with rape carried out during attacks on villages, systematic and widespread.
Accountability versus impunity
The Commission said the failure of political elites to deal with security sector reform, and to provide for the very basic needs of armed forces on all sides, continues to contribute to a permissive environment in which South Sudanese women are regarded as currency.
With near-universal impunity for rape and sexual violence, perpetrators avoid accountability.
Calling on the Government of South Sudan and its obligation to end impunity for serious crimes, the Commission noted the recent Government initiatives to address sexual violence in conflict, including establishing a special court and holding military justice proceedings.
While welcoming such measures, the Commission also said, “they remain woefully inadequate given the scale and extent of crimes”.
Gender inequality context
"It is scandalous that senior officials implicated in violence against women and girls, including cabinet ministers and governors, are not immediately removed from office and held accountable.
To address this pervasive violence in conflict and other contexts, those in positions of command and other authority must promptly and publicly adopt a ‘zero tolerance’ policy towards sexual and gender-based violence.” said Barney Afako, member of the Commission.
To grasp the full impact of conflict-related sexual violence, it is also necessary to understand the social and cultural context in which sexual violence occurs, under patriarchal systems based on domination and gender discrimination.
Half of all South Sudanese women are married off before they reach 18, and the country has the highest maternal mortality rate in the world.
Sexual and gender-based violence is also common outside of conflict, affecting women and girls amongst all segments of society.
The Commission is calling on the authorities in South Sudan to take the necessary steps to stop sexual violence against women and girls, by addressing impunity and the drivers of conflict and insecurity.
Work of the Commission
The UN Commission on Human Rights in South Sudan is an independent body mandated by the UN Human Rights Council. It was first established in March 2016.
The Commission is mandated to investigate the situation of human rights in South Sudan, and to determine and report the facts and circumstances of human rights violations and abuses, including by clarifying responsibility for violations and abuses that are crimes under national and or international law. - United Nations
NTSA officials accompanied by police inspect a matatu in Nairobi in December 2019 K24 DIGITAL
The National Transport and Safety Authority (NTSA) is looking into introducing a new training test manual for all Kenyan drivers.
In a statement shared to newsrooms on Monday, March 21, the authority announced that it was exploring new automated theory tests to govern the industry.
The new tests are aimed at ensuring that all driver tests are efficient to tame accidents on Kenyan roads, which have become deathtraps.
The authority further indicated that it had initiated the process of effecting the change and was looking into hiring a consultant to help it streamline its systems.
An NTSA official marshalls traffic at a past accident scene NTSA
"The authority is exploring the introduction of automated theory tests so as to standardise driver testing in Kenya. The automation of the process will ensure the driver tests are efficient and effective hence improving the quality of testing as a result of reduced human interaction.
"To achieve this, the Authority seeks to engage a consultant to guide the automation journey, formulate modern approaches to driver competency testing with the aim of a common set of standards in theory testing and developing an efficient, practical testing methodology that can be administered to all drivers," read the statement in part.
The new project is a partnership between NTSA and the European Union under the Usalama Barabarani programme.
In the statement, the authority admitted that most of the accidents recorded in Kenya and across the world were attributed to poor driving.
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), an average of 2.5 million people die annually through road traffic crashes while ten times this number end up maimed worldwide. In Kenya, over 3,000 individuals perish as a result of road crashes.
Studies have also found that over 85 per cent of road accidents are caused by human behavior.
According to a recent report by the authority, Outering Road was the most dangerous roadway in Nairobi with the recorded number of fatal accidents standing at 44.
Waiyaki Way followed with 38 fatalities in 2021 while Mombasa Road and Northern Bypass were joint third with 29 accident cases each
The announcement comes a day after an exposé by the BBC claimed that the country had a flawed system of issuing driving licenses.
An undercover journalist at the global broadcaster exposed a syndicate that saw unqualified drivers get licenses making the roads unsafe. By Derrick Okumbasu, Kenyans.co.ke
She urged Uhuru to remain neutral in the presidential race
In Summary
• MP Shollei also said that Uhuru to remain neutral in the presidential race.
• She said President Uhuru’s end game is to control the legislative house.
Uasin Gishu Women Representative Gladys Shollei has claimed that President Uhuru Kenyatta is using ODM leader Raila Odinga to run for a presidential race for the third time.
Speaking to KTN News, MP Shollei said that the talks that President Uhuru is acting as a buffer between the Deputy President William Ruto and Raila are intended to intimidate the DP.
“Raila is not the candidate, Uhuru is. The claims that Uhuru is a buffer between Ruto and Raila are but just bravado talks,” Shollei said.
According to her, President Uhuru’s end game is to control the legislative house.
MP Shollei urged Uhuru to remain neutral in the presidential race and allow Kenyans to make their democratic choice freely.
“That’s why Ruto urged the President to leave Raila alone. He is a seasoned politician,” she said, adding that Raila was not capable of winning the election.
This comes after DP Ruto pleaded with President Uhuru to spare him the sword he claimed they used on Raila during his Gatundu tour on Friday.
Ruto further urged President to remember the times when Mama Ngina prayed for them and refrain from hurting him.
Previously, the DP’s speeches about the president were harsh but last week, he has shown that he is rattled by the support Raila is getting.
On Saturday, Ruto claimed he was Uhuru’s only true friend.
He was speaking at Murang’a.
The DP has been running his campaigns at Uhuru’s backyard. By Sharon Mwende, The Star
Fourteen people, including seven children, have been killed with machetes in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Red Cross has said, as a community leader blamed a notorious armed group for the bloody attack.
The attack took place in a displaced people’s camp in the country’s northwestern Ituri province on Saturday, the humanitarian aid group reported.
Among the victims were five women aged between 25 and 32 and a two-year-old girl, according to a list shown by the Red Cross to the news agency AFP.
Gold-rich Ituri province has been plunged back into a cycle of violence since late 2017. Source: MNA
A woman, who killed her husband for taking Sh1,000 cash meant for food was on Thursday sentenced to three years probation.
Her sister, who struck him in the head, will also serve the same sentence.
The violence occurred on August 2, 2018, in Karena Village in Marakwet East subcounty within Elgeyo Marakwet. They have been in remand since then.
Winnie Jepkorir and her sister Irene Yatich were charged with manslaughter after they killed Jeremiah Kipkemoi who was hit on the head with a stone.
Both pleaded guilty.
Eldoret High Court Judge Erick Ogola said there was a clear provocation and the two did not mean to kill Kipkemoi during the fight.
“The proof of offence of manslaughter attracts a maximum sentence of life in prison. In this case however, there was a clear provocation. The fight did not immediately result in death. Death followed later, unexpectedly,” the judge ruled.
According to court documents Kipkemoi, who was the husband of the accused, returned home while drunk at around 1pm.
He took Sh1,000 that was on the table, money meant for food. His wife, who was also drunk, asked him to return the money but he refused.
A quarrel ensued and the two got physical. Jepkorir overpowered him and he fell to the floor. She started biting him while he was down.
Jepkoris’s sister, Yatich who saw the two fight, took a stone and hit the deceased on the head with it. The two continued to pinning him to the floor and retrieved the money before letting him go.
The husband fell asleep.
“At about 7.30pm my husband complained of headache so I gave him pain killers," the widow testified.
"We slept until around 5am when I tried to wake him up but he remained unresponsive. At that point I rushed out and to notify neighbours and relatives,” Jepkorir told the court.
It was then established that Kipkemoi had already died.
The accused and her sister were arrested and taken to Tot police station.
They were charged with murder after the post mortem established the cause of death to be blunt injury to the head.
Jepkorir said she was remorseful and the facts that led to her husband's death were unfortunate. She said both of them were drunk and she regretted that.
She told court that she has three young children and the family of her husband has forgiven her. She begged for a non-custodial sentence.
The judge said the accused have been in custody for four years since their arrest, during which time Jepkorir conceived and delivered a baby in prison.
“All the three children now have only the accused as the remaining parent, therefore, a non-custodial sentence would serve more justice for the accused and victim,” the judge said.
“I therefore jail [sentence] the accused to a probation period of three years under supervision of the Probation Service,” he ruled. - AKELLO ODENYO, The Star
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