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East Africa

Maasai rights activists from the Maa Unity Agenda group march to protest outside the Tanzanian high commission in Nairobi, Kenya [File: Ben Curtis/AP]/Photo Courtesy Ben Curtis AP/Aljazeera

The regional East African Court of Justice has ruled that Tanzania’s decision to cordon off land for wildlife protection was legal, dealing a blow to the Maasai Indigenous group who had protested against the move, accusing the government of trying to force them off their ancestral land to promote tourism.

The government claims it wants to “protect” 1,500 square kilometres (580 square miles) of the area from human activity, but rights groups said Friday’s ruling sent a dangerous message that Indigenous peoples can be evicted from their land in the name of conservation.

 

Tensions have soared in recent months with violent clashes breaking out in June in Loliondo in the Ngorongoro district – one of the country’s most popular tourist destinations – between police and Maasai demonstrators.

Four Maasai villages are located within the boundaries of the Serengeti National Park, according to the government. The boundaries were originally demarcated under British military rule but redrawn for conservation by subsequent administrations.

The Arusha-based East African Court of Justice ruled that the Maasai had failed to prove the eviction had taken place outside the park, and that much of the evidence of alleged violence and brutality was hearsay or inconsistent. 

‘Forcefully evicted’

But a representative of the Maasai community said the villagers would appeal.

“We are not satisfied with the ruling and we believe the court has erred in analysing the evidence we had provided,” said Jebra Kambole, who represented the Maasai in the interim ruling. 

Tanzania has historically allowed Indigenous communities such as the Maasai to live within some national parks, including the Ngorongoro conservation area, a UNESCO World Heritage site. But authorities say their growing population is encroaching on wildlife habitats.

Maasai say that “they were forcefully evicted by the government forces and their property was destroyed,” said Al Jazeera’s Catherine Soi.

Soi explained that the government argues that the Maasai community has been destroying the park as their population has been growing quickly.

 

“I think it is important to understand that many Maasais, that’s up to 50,000, in that area have already been relocated to other parts that have been set aside by the government for that purpose,” Soi said.

She added that this disputed area is very important for tourism. 

The land disputes between the national park management and the Maasai villagers arose in 2012 but the government ordered them to leave in 2017. Security forces later evicted them by force.

The court ordered to halt the evictions in 2018, pending a final judgement.

The Maasai had asked the court to “stop the evictions, the arrest, detention or persecution” of their members and demanded a billion Tanzanian shillings ($430,000) as damages.

The three-judge bench said no compensation was due, Esther Mnaro, a lawyer for the Maasai, told AFP.

Fiore Longo from Survival International, an indigenous rights advocacy, said the judgement was a blow for the Maasai and for Indigenous peoples across the world. 

“The court has given a strong signal to the international community that evictions and human rights abuses against Indigenous peoples should be tolerated if they are done in the name of protecting nature,” Longo said. 

Tanzania has long been criticised by the international community for violence against the Maasai. In 2015, the European Parliament passed a resolution condemning the government for violating their human rights.

The government rejects that it has violated their rights.

There was no immediate comment from Tanzania’s government, which depends on tourism for a significant part of its economy.

Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the economic system around tourism was the largest foreign exchange earner, the second largest contributor to gross domestic product and the third largest contributor to employment, according to a World Bank report in 2021.  SOURCE: AL JAZEERA AND NEWS AGENCIES

  • Stock image of Kenyans crossing a street in Nairobi.  SIMON KIRAGU KENYANS.CO.KE
 
  • Residents of Rongai Town on Friday, September 30 expressed their furore towards a credit company they accused of defrauding them millions of shillings. 

    According to the residents, the company established a branch in Rongai Town in late 2021 and subsequently lured them into opening savings accounts with the promise of offering them cheap loans and profits five times their deposits. 

    The victims claimed that they were lured by the sweet terms and conditions of the said savings and credit cooperative company (Sacco).   

    Through its alleged 'bottom-up economic model', borrowed from the Kenya Kwanza coalition’s campaigns, the Sacco further pledged to turn around the lives of the residents who were struggling to make ends meet.  

    An aerial view of Ongata Rongai town in Kajiado County.
    An aerial view of Ongata Rongai town in Kajiado County.   TWITTER

    However, the residents were confronted by a rude shock after the company closed its office doors in Rongai Town.  

    "The company came up and told us to save and promised to give back up to three times of the savings back."

    Efforts to pursue justice were derailed by what the victims claimed to be a sluggish response by the police. According to the residents, they reported the matter to the Directorate of Criminal Investigations (DCI) albeit without any significant action to unravel the mystery. 

    "We reported the matter to the DCI, but every time we turn to them they insist that they are still following up," they lamented.

    According to the victims, the company has a history of controversies emanating from past complaints. They called upon the President William Ruto to intervene in their pursuit of justice. 

    "This a criminal who has been stealing in your 'name', we want action to be taken and not just aiding us to recover our money," one of the victims lamented.

    Notably, cases of syndicates of this nature are not new in Kenya. In 2021, the Sacco Societies Regulatory authority (SASRA) established the Sacco Society Fraud Investigation Unit (SSFIU) to help in investigating cases of fraud related to Saccos.  

    Former president, Uhuru Kenyatta, ordered the establishment of SSFIU after a series of fraud cases related to SACCOS. 

    Uhuru directed the DCI and SASRA to collaborate in probing the cases. 

    Directorate of Criminal Investigations headquarters along Kiambu Road
    Directorate of Criminal Investigations headquarters along Kiambu Road SIMON KIRAGU KENYANS.CO.KE

The Transitional National Legislative Assembly has passed a 1.4 trillion South Sudanese Pounds budget for the 2022/2023 Fiscal Year.  

The budget, with a deficit of 506 billion SSP, was passed on Tuesday during a seating chaired by the speaker Jemma Nunu Kumba.

According to the budgetary allocation, the ministries of presidential affairs, cabinet affairs and foreign affairs received the highest allocation of 138.4 billion SSP.  

The education sector received 112.84 billion SSP, security 75.33 billion SSP, economic function 73.1 billion SSP, natural resources and rural development got 67.32 billion SSP.

The health docket receiving 34.7 billion SSP, rule of law allocated 31.7 billion SSP, infrastructure allocated 12.5 billion SSP, social and humanitarian affairs received 6.08 billion SSP and least allocated was accountability docket receiving 2.4 billion SSP.

The budget is expected to be funded partly by oil revenues to a tune of 715.8 billion SSP, and non-oil revenues to a tune of 117.04 billion SSP. 

During the deliberations, lawmakers observed that the new improved civil servants’ salaries structure had not been reflected in the budget and they called on the finance minister to inform the execute to reflect the new structure in October. 

The lawmakers also observed that diversification of the economy to avoid over-reliance on oil, improved funding to the ministry of health.

Rebecca Joshua Okwachi, the Chief Whip of the SPLM in the TNLA, called on the executive to expedite the inclusion of improved salaries for the civil servants and organized forces.  

“We are all concerned and I appreciate the members of parliament for continuously raising the concerns for the increment of salaries of the civil servants and the organized forces, Now that the situation seems to be challenging for the government, we want to urge the cabinet to very quickly come out with very clear results and also for you in parliament we will not leave any stone unturned to follow up with the cabinet,” she noted.

Meanwhile, Justin Joseph Marona, from the SPLM/IO representing Western Equatoria state proposed more funds to lay off civil servants who are above retirement age.

The Council of Ministers in June approved the amended 1.3 trillion SSP budget, an equivalent of $2.71 billion for the 2022/2023 financial year.

By law, the budget should be submitted to the national legislature no later than May 15 of each financial year, but this has not been happening for the last two years. 

By Chol Mawel, The Tower Post  

Nairobi Governor Johnson Sakaja has assured that all Nairobi Metropolitan Services (NMS) employees will be absorbed in the Nairobi county Governor after he was handed back all the functions.

Sakaja who spoke after the handover ceremony said that no NMS staff will be rendered jobless as there is space for everyone in his administration.

“There is no former NMS staff or former county gov’t staff, you are all staff of the Nairobi County gov’t, and you will work together as equals. We will have space for everybody,” Sakaja said.

Sakaja pointed out that devolution is not about the national government after section of leaders faulted the President for leaving out the docket in his appointment.

He said Devolution is about working together.

“I have been assured from very high sources that there’s will be a state department of devolution to continue with the work has been done,” he said.

NMS DG Badi while handing over described his two year tenure as a remarkable journey which transformed the city.

“It has been a rigorous journey and two years culminating today’s official handover. I am grateful for being part of the journey,” Badi said. By Jemimah Mueni, Capital News

Flight check: Passengers at Cape Town airport

Airlines flying from Cape Town international airport have been warned “to restrict uplift” of aviation fuel because of a delay to fresh supplies.

A “Notice to Airmen” (Notam, the standard communication to pilots), warns: “Limited fuel available. Domestic and international operators advised to restrict uplift”. 

Reports say rough seas are delaying the arrival of a cargo of jet fuel, with normal supplies at the airport unlikely to be available until Monday 3 October. By , Independent

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